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| Air Drying : | Earlier the most usual method of drying veneers. These were placed as single or double leaves in so-called stacking carriages and were dried completely without any technical aids or fan. Very time-consuming. Natural drying has been replaced by jet drying. |
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| Air-Dried Lumber: | Solid wood which has been air dried without kiln drying. | ||
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| Architectural Grade: | Top quality log and veneer length over 2.65 m. | ||
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| Backing: | The lowest grade veneer which is generally only used yetas cross-band veneers or for non-visible surfaces. Sold generally by the ton. | ||
| Backing Board: | The boards which remain after slicing wood. Much appreciated as solid wood because these generally include the standing years and thus are relatively free of tension. | ||
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| Birdseye: | The term given to eye-shaped marking of the veneer, especially in the case of Birdseye Maple. |
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| Block Mottle Figure: | An irregular form of figuring which runs over the complete surface of the veneer. | ||
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| Blue Stain: | Blue stains on the surface of the veneer which occur through insufficient water extraction when slicing (too low heating capacity on the pressure bar or when slicing too fast) because water remaining on the surface of the veneer turns blue through oxidation. | ||
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| Book: | The most commonly used term for a bundle of veneer, especially by carpenters. This term comes from the veneer leaves following one after the other like pages in a book. | ||
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| Book Match: | A procedure in the further processing of veneers by which the successive veneer leaves are glued alternately with the front and rear side to retain a mirror-inverted sequence. | ||
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| Buckle: | Corrugation caused in the veneer leaf when drying as a result of different drying runs and irregular annual ring development within the veneer leaf. The veneer has to be flattened again to make the veneer saleable. |
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| Bundle: | Cut bundles of veneer generally containing 24 or 32 consecutive leaves in cutting sequence. | ||
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| Burl: | A term for veneers which are produced from the burr or burl formation. Differentiation is generally made between burl or burr growth above ground (Elm, Ash, Oak) and root burl or burr growth which develops below ground in the root (Californian Walnut, Madrona, Vavone, Myrtle). |
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| Burl-Log: | Term used for a burly trunk, log or veneer cut. | ||
| Butt: | The bottom end of a log or veneer frequently featuring coarse annual ring development and undesired color variations caused by its rootstock. | ||
| Canker: | A disease of the European Oak which destroys the structure in the veneer and appears as open defect in advance stadium. Very difficult to recognize in the bark. | ||
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| Cathedral Structure: | Much sought after structure in crown cut bundles. Considered to be very elegant. |
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| Chatter Marks: | Deviation in veneer thickness caused through vibration of the veneer block on the slicing machine or by wrong pressure setting on the machine, showing on the veneer leaf as regularly distributed cross running strips. The veneer block vibrates when the log is not firmly clamped flat on the cutting table. |
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| Clipping: | The clipping of veneers on the veneer cutter whether the veneers are in their initial or in final production. | ||
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| Cluster: | Only partially burled logs. | ||
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| Complete Flitch or Flitch Stock: |
Veneers which are not only produced from one log but where all leaves remain in their exact original log sequence. | ||
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| Compression Wood, Pressure Wood |
The zones given in soft wood through irregular annual ring structure which are particularly hard and, therefore, cause difficulties when slicing the veneer. | ||
| Condensate: | The tannic acid which is yellow in color and deposits on the surface of the veneer when it is dried too sharply. | ||
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| Cross-Grain | Buckling of the veneers given through irregular growth or through logs under high tension. It shows itself also as darker coloring down the annual rings. | ||
| Crotch veneer figuring sometimes termed "curl" which is manufactured from the intersection of the limb or branch with the main trunk. The quality is all the better the more precise and distinct the curl or crotch and feather are. | |||
| The first bundles from a log when sliced over the heart. Produces the so-called cathedral structure. | |||
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Curl:
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see Crotch | ||
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Curly Fishbone Figure
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Typical figure development especially in beech which is generally considered to be degrading. | ||